Minggu, 23 September 2012

HIDROKARBON


Hydrocarbons can be divided into two main groups:
1. aliphatic hydrocarbons, is a straight-chain compounds, chain and chain branches melingka
2. aromatic hydrocarbons., usually containing rings of carbon atoms are very stable. Aromatic hydrocarbons, Based on a multiple carbon-carbon, aliphatic hydrocarbons can still be divided into two sub-groups, namely saturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon single bonds, and unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond or triple bond .
Hydrocarbons comprising:
1. Alkanes (CnH2n 2)
2. Alkenes (CnH2n)
3. Alkynes (CnH2n-2)

Hydrocarbons are the simplest alkane, a hydrocarbon that contains only single covalent bonds. Hydrocarbons are compounds whose molecular structure consists of hydrogen and carbon. The simplest molecule of the alkane is methane. Methane is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, is a major component of natural gas (Wilbraham, 1992).

Hydrocarbons can be classified according to a variety of carbon-carbon bonds they contain. Hydrocarbons with carbon-carbon single bond has called saturated hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms having two or three bonds called unsaturated hydrocarbons (Fessenden, 1997).

Hydrogen and its compounds, generally divided into three major groups, namely:

1. Hydrogen consists of aliphatic carbon chain that does not cover cyclic wake. This group is often referred to as the open-chain hydrocarbons or cyclic hydrocarbons.


Examples of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons:
 

- Unsaturated aliphatic compounds are aliphatic compounds, varying chain C double bond or triple. If you have duplicate named alkenes and alkynes have triple called. Examples of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons:

 
- Cyclic hydrocarbon compound is a compound of carbon chain C and its circular hoop may also bind the side chain. This group divided into alicyclic and aromatic compounds.
  alicyclic compounds are aliphatic carbon compounds that form a closed chain.

 
  aromatic compounds are compounds composed of six carbon atoms that form a chain C benzene.